Azolla Pinnata: Sustainable Floating Oil Cleaner of Water Bodies.

Various plant-based materials effectively absorb oil contaminants at the water/air interface. These materials showcase unparalleled efficiency in purging oil contaminants, encompassing rivers, lakes, and boundless oceans, positioning them as integral components of environmental restoration endeavors. In addition, they are biodegradable, readily available, and eco-friendly, thus making them a preferable choice over traditional oil cleaning materials. This study explores the phenomenal properties of the floating Azolla fern (Azolla pinnata), focusing on its unique hierarchical leaf surface design at both the microscale and nanoscale levels. These intricate structures endow the fern with exceptional characteristics, including superhydrophobicity, high water adhesion, and remarkable oil or organic solvent absorption capabilities. Azolla's leaf surface exhibits a rare combination of dual wettability, where hydrophilic spots on a superhydrophobic base enable the pinning of water droplets, even when positioned upside-down. This extraordinary property, known as the parahydrophobic state, is rare in floating plants, akin to the renowned Salvinia molesta, setting Azolla apart as a natural wonder. Submerged in water, Azolla leaves excel at absorbing light oils at the air-water interface, demonstrating a notable ability to extract high-density organic solvents. Moreover, Azolla's rapid growth, doubling in the area every 4-5 days, especially in flowing waters, positions it as a sustainable alternative to traditional synthetic oil-cleaning materials with long-term environmental repercussions. This scientific lead could pave the way for more environmentally friendly approaches to mitigate the negative impacts of oil spills and promote a cleaner water ecosystem.

Mini-PCNL - a boon for CKD patients with nephrolithiasis.

Purpose: The prevalence of urinary stone disease in ESRD is 3.2%, leading to renal damage due to obstructive uropathy, infection, and frequent surgical intervention. PCNL, the gold standard for complex renal stone disease, has evolved with smaller access sheaths (14-20 F), improved optics, and fluoroscopic equipments. This study aims to assess the safety and feasibility of mini- PCNL in CKD patients with respect to postoperative outcome and its effect on stage of CKD. Patients and methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Urology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, from January 2022 to October 2022. This study included adult patients with nephrolithiasis at CKD stage 3 or higher. The primary objective of this research was to assess the impact of mini-PCNL on renal function, specifically measuring changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline to a 6-month follow-up. The secondary objective was to evaluate the feasibility of mini-PCNL in CKD patients in terms of complications, stone clearance rate, and duration of hospital stay. Four variable Modification of Diet in Renal Diseases(MDRD) equation was used to calculate the estimated GFR(eGFR) of each patient and NKF/KDOQI classification system to classify the stage of CKD. Results: A total of 46 patients were included in the study. We found that for management of nephrolithiasis in CKD patients, mini-PCNL leads to significant improvement in eGFR at 6 months follow-up (mean difference = 14.25 ml/min/1.73 m2; p-value <0.01) with high stone-free rates (89.5%). The complication rates were comparable to standard PCNL. Conclusions: mini-PCNL is a bonanza for management of CKD patients with nephrolithiasis.

Complete genome sequence of the lumpy skin disease virus reported from Jammu and Kashmir, India, during 2022 outbreak.

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is the causative agent of an economically important disease of cattle and water buffaloes. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of the LSDV from Jammu and Kashmir, India. LSDV/02/KASH/IND/2022 was detected in skin biopsy sample of an LSD-infected dairy cow on 24 October 2022.

Incidence of Ureteric strictures Following Ureteroscopic Laser Lithotripsy: Holmium:YAG Versus Thulium Fiber Laser.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the incidence of ureteric strictures between holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet and thulium fiber laser following ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy. In the present era of miniaturization of endourologic armamentarium and better optics, how safe are lasers to fire inside ureter? MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a prospective comparative study over a period of 2 years that included patients who underwent ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy for ureteric stones. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: group A underwent holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser lithotripsy and group B underwent thulium fiber laser lithotripsy. RESULTS: A total of 478 patients were analyzed after excluding patients not willing to participate and patients lost to follow-up. Two hundred forty patients underwent holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser lithotripsy (group A) and 238 patients underwent thulium fiber laser lithotripsy (group B). The demographic data of 2 groups were comparable. The mean age of patients in group A and group B was 36.5 ± 12.52 years and 38.62 ± 10.71 years, respectively. The mean operative time in group A and group B was 47 ± 15 and 36 ± 13 minutes, respectively, while the mean laser time in group A and group B was 13.5 ± 45 minutes and 9.25 ± 3.2 minutes, respectively. Four (1.67%) patients in group A and 11 (4.62%) patients in group B developed ureteric strictures during follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant (P <.001). The mean length of stricture was 2.67 ± 1.27 cm in group A and 4.42 ± 2.2 cm in group B, and the difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Thulium fiber laser, projected as safe laser previously, has a higher incidence of ureteric strictures compared to holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser when used for ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy.

Improving Surgical Safety in Living Donor Renal Transplantation With Antiseptic Skin Preparation, Bladder Irrigation, Corner-Saving Vascular Anastomosis, DJ Stenting, and Extravesical Ureteroneocystostomy Modifications: A Comprehensive Approach.

Introduction The antiseptic skin preparation, bladder irrigation, corner-saving vascular anastomosis, DJ stenting, and extravesical ureteroneocystostomy (ABCDE) approach encompasses a range of modifications applied during different stages of the surgical procedure in renal transplantation. These modifications include the following: A, antiseptic skin preparation sequentially with cetrimide 3.35%, chlorhexidine scrub 4%, spirit, and povidone-iodine 10%; B, bladder irrigation with amikacin and betadine solution; C, corner-saving end-to-side vascular anastomosis; D, DJ stenting with early postoperative removal within three weeks; and E, extravesical ureteroneocystostomy using our institute's modified Lich-Gregoir technique. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted at our institution between March 2021 and May 2023. Data were collected from the patients' medical records and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY, USA). Statistical tests, including t-test, Mann-Whitney test, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test, were used for analysis. The study assessed various recipient, donor, intraoperative, and post-transplant factors, as well as surgical complications and stent-related factors. Results Out of 72 renal transplantations, 12 (16.6%) had the following surgical complications: urinary (n = 4; 5.5%), wound-related (n = 3; 4.1%), and lymphocele (n = 5; 6.9%). The most common complications were lymphocele (n = 5; 6.9%) and urinary leak (n = 4; 5.5%). Surgical complications were more common in male recipients (91.6% versus 8.3%), as well as in recipients with longer dialysis duration (24 ± 17 versus 11.0 ± 7 months) and had extended hospitalization time (16.4 ± 8.6 versus 8.0 ± 2.9 days) (p < 0.05). Wound infection correlated with longer surgeries (>300 minutes) and other complications. Lymphocele patients had higher drain output (>500 mL) on day 1 and longer hospital stays (>15 days). Urinary tract infections (UTIs) were linked to dialysis duration (>24 months), diabetes, and longer indwelling times of DJ stents and urinary catheters. Early DJ stent removal (<3 weeks) reduced UTI incidence and symptoms (p < 0.05). All complications were categorized as minor (3a or less), according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Conclusion The modified ABCDE surgical approach in renal transplantation decreased the complications, showing favorable outcomes compared to those in the literature.

Differential expression of SLITRK6 gene as a potential therapeutic target for urothelial carcinoma in particular upper tract cancer.

BACKGROUND: Urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) harbor analogous morphology with comparable cytogenetic changes as well as prognostic factors but their similar biological activities still remain controversial. SLITRK6 gene has been demonstrated to have distinct role in urothelial cancers with a distinction between UTUC and UBUC. METHOD: The study included a total of 80 patients of urothelial carcinoma including 60 UBUC and 20 UTUC cases. The tumor tissues from both the groups were evaluated for gene expression at mRNA level by qRT-PCR, and protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot. RESULTS: Significantly more than 4-fold high mRNA expression of SLITRK6 was observed in UTUC against 1.2-fold in UBUC (p < 0.0001). The overall SLITRK6 expression by IHC was observed in 80% of the UBUC cases in comparison to 100% strong expression in UTUC patients and among two groups expression exhibited a significant difference for moderate to strong expression (p = 0.0005). The protein expression by western blot analysis in UTUC samples was considerably higher as compared to UBUC samples (1.64 vs. 0.76 respectively: p = 0.01). A strong concordance exhibited for the higher mRNA and protein expression in both UTUC and UBUC cases (∼75%) wherein 80%, 75% and 70% higher expression of SLITRK6 was detected by qRT-PCR, Western blot and IHC respectively. CONCLUSION: To conclude, although SLITRK6 exhibits a strong expression in both UTUC and UBUC but was considerably observed higher in majority of UTUC cases. Therefore, SLITRK6 appears as a promising novel possible gene target for urothelial carcinoma in particular UTUC.

Zinner's syndrome: Masquerading as pyonephrotic ectopic kidney.

Zinner's syndrome is a rare developmental anomaly of Wolffian duct, comprising a triad of seminal vesicle cyst, ipsilateral renal agenesis and ejaculatory duct obstruction, first described by Zinner in 1914. Several aberrations have been reported like renal dysplasia, ectopic ureteric orifice in one of the derivatives of Wolffian duct. Usually it presents in second to fourth decade of life with symptoms of urinary bladder irritation/obstruction, cyst distension, ejaculatory duct obstruction. The diagnosis is principally based on imaging studies, usually confirmed by MRI. Treatment is based upon the persistent symptoms or complications related to it. Excision of cyst is gold standard.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KAU007 Extract Modulates Critical Virulence Attributes and Biofilm Formation in Sinusitis Causing Streptococcus pyogenes.

Streptococcus pyogenes is one of the most common bacteria causing sinusitis in children and adult patients. Probiotics are known to cause antagonistic effects on S. pyogenes growth and biofilm formation. In the present study, we demonstrated the anti-biofilm and anti-virulence properties of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KAU007 against S. pyogenes ATCC 8668. The antibacterial potential of L. plantarum KAU007 metabolite extract (LME) purified from the cell-free supernatant of L. plantarum KAU007 was evaluated in terms of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). LME was further analyzed for its anti-biofilm potential using crystal violet assay and microscopic examination. Furthermore, the effect of LME was tested on the important virulence attributes of S. pyogenes, such as secreted protease production, hemolysis, extracellular polymeric substance production, and cell surface hydrophobicity. Additionally, the impact of LME on the expression of genes associated with biofilm formation and virulence attributes was analyzed using qPCR. The results revealed that LME significantly inhibited the growth and survival of S. pyogenes at a low concentration (MIC, 9.76 µg/mL; MBC, 39.06 µg/mL). Furthermore, LME inhibited biofilm formation and mitigated the production of extracellular polymeric substance at a concentration of 4.88 µg/mL in S. pyogenes. The results obtained from qPCR and biochemical assays advocated that LME suppresses the expression of various critical virulence-associated genes, which correspondingly affect various pathogenicity markers and were responsible for the impairment of virulence and biofilm formation in S. pyogenes. The non-hemolytic nature of LME and its anti-biofilm and anti-virulence properties against S. pyogenes invoke further investigation to study the role of LME as an antibacterial agent to combat streptococcal infections.

Implications of risk conferred by 5p15.33 loci genetic variants; human telomerase reverse transcriptase rs2736098 and rs2736100 in predisposition of bladder cancer.

Background: The polymorphic variations of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene play an important role in predisposition to carcinogenesis. The current study aimed to elucidate the genetic predisposition to bladder cancer in two important variants, rs2736098 and rs2736100 of hTERT gene. Materials and methods: Confirmed 130 patients of bladder cancer and 200 healthy controls were genotyped by PCR-RFLP to determine different variants of hTERT rs2736098 and rs2736100. Results: hTERT rs2736098 homozygous variant AA genotype frequency was observed to significantly differ 2-fold between cases and controls (26.15% vs. 13.5%) (p = 0.02). In addition, rare 'A' allele significantly differed among two groups (cases: 47% versus controls: 39%: p = 0.03). hTERT rs2736098 was observed to be presented significantly more in high stage tumors (p = 0.02). hTERT rs2736100 genotype AA or variant allele A showed no significant difference between cases and controls. Haplotype CA displayed significantly different pattern of frequency as 0.5 in cases as compared to 0.16 in controls (p < 0.0001). Combination of variant A/G haplotype frequency implicated more in cases than in controls (0.34 vs. 0.14, p = 0.001). Conclusions: It is concluded that hTERT rs2736098 polymorphic variant has a vital role to confer a strong risk to bladder cancer in our population. Further, hTERT haplotypes CA and AG inhTERT could prove to be a promising tool to screen the risk for bladder cancer.

"Collaterals a savior" in superior mesenteric artery injury post radical nephrectomy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.

Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) during renal surgery is rarely reported but potentially devastating complication. It can rarely occur in patients with distorted vascular anatomy like in large left renal tumors with vascular infiltration and bulky lymphadenopathy, or in the setting of re-do surgery with extensive scarring. Failure to recognize and repair an SMA injury may result in ischemic bowel and consequently high mortality. Herein, we present a case scenario of injury to the SMA during radical nephrectomy missed intraoperatively and managed conservatively in the post-operative period in view of collateral circulation to the gut.

Massive perinephric hematoma - A rare complication of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is commonly used to fragment renal calculi. This treatment modality is considered safe with minimal complications. We report a case of massive retroperitoneal hematoma following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in a patient with no comorbidity and normal coagulation parameters. Patient was managed conservatively and had excellent recovery with normal renal function.

Comparative study of tamsulosin versus tadalafil in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. A prospective randomized study.

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the common causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in aging men. Men with LUTS have a higher incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED), and LUTS themselves represent an independent risk factor for ED, triggering a significant negative impact on quality of life. Materials and Methods: A total of 92 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Groups I and II had 45 and 47 patients, two patients from Group I and three patients from Group II did not follow and were excluded from the study. Patients in Group I received 0.4 mg of tamsulosin and Group II patients received 5 mg tadalafil. Patients were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and at 6 months after receiving treatment. Treatment efficacy was measured by a change in Qmax, post void residual urine (PVR), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) score at 3 months and 6 months. Results: Baseline parameters between the two groups were similar. Mean Qmax improved by 7 ml/s at 3 months to 9.44 ml/s at 6 months in Group I versus 4.73 ml/s at 3 months to 6.46 ml/s at 6 months in Group II (P = 0.739). Mean PVRU decreased by 35.53 ml at 3 months to 47.23 ml at 6 months in Group I versus 44.98 at 3 months to 58.28 ml at 6 months in Group II (P = 0.102). IPSS score improved by 4.24 points at 3 months to 7.22 points at 6 months in Group I versus 4 points at 3 months to 5.02 points at 6 months in Group II (P = 0.336). SHIM score improved by 0.7 points 16.2 at 3 months to 0.8 points at 6 months in Group I versus 6.12 points at 3 months to 6.3 points at 6 months (P < 0.001). Conclusion: When both groups were compared, tadalafil showed statistically similar improvements in Qmax, PVRU, and IPSS score, but statistically significant improvement was observed with tadalafil in SHIM score compared with tamsulosin in treating LUTS secondary to BPH. Our study provides evidence that once daily tadalafil 5 mg is well tolerated and can be considered for the treatment of LUTS secondary to BPH especially in patient with ED.

Slowly developing urinothorax in a child due to intrapleural migration of DJ stent-a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is usually considered as safe and effective in the management of renal stones in pediatric population. Urinothorax defined as presence of urine in pleural cavity is a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. We present a rare case of slowly developing urinothorax in a 9-year-old boy following PCNL due to migration of DJ stent into the pleural cavity. The case was managed by intracostal tube drainage and repositioning of DJ stent.

Chemical mutagenesis: role in breeding and biofortification of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) mutant lines.

BACKGROUND: Induced mutagenesis is a quick and effective breeding strategy to enhance genetic variability, an important prerequisite for the genetic improvement of existing lentil cultivars. Lentil is an important cool season food legume with low productivity due to the low yielding potential of existing lentil cultivars. The present study aimed at increasing the yielding potential, resulted in the isolation of six high-yielding mutant lines with dense micronutrients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two lentil varieties were treated with different doses of ethyl methanesulphonate, hydrazine hydrate, and sodium azide, followed by phenotypic selection for consecutive three generations. In the M2 generation, six high-yielding mutant lines with stable phenotypes were isolated. The results revealed a substantial increase in mean values for quantitative and physiological traits coupled with a manifold increase in the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), heritability (h2), and genetic advance (GA). Correlation analysis revealed that plant yield was significantly and positively influenced (P < 0.001) by fertile branches per plant, pods per plant, and seed weight. Principal component analysis revealed two principal components contributed 63.5 and 62.5% of the total variation in the varieties Pant L-639 and Pant L-406, respectively. CONCLUSION: The isolated high-yielding mutant lines with dense micronutrients that serve as rich genetic resources could be subjected to further breeding trials. After attaining yield stability, these might be registered and released as new improved lentil varieties.

Gamma Rays and Sodium Azide Induced Genetic Variability in High-Yielding and Biofortified Mutant Lines in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.].

With the twin pressures of high population growth and extreme weather events, developing countries are the worst hit in meeting the food demands of their people, with millions unable to access adequate and nutritionally balanced food. Crop production must be increased by 70% to keep up with the food demands of a rapidly growing population, which is expected to rise to 9.6 billion by 2050. Legumes are ideal food crops to increase agricultural productivity and achieve sustainable development goals. Cowpea, a warm-season grain legume, is often categorized as a neglected crop with immense scope for genetic improvement through proper breeding strategies. A multi-year field experiment of induced mutagenesis was conducted to increase seed yield and genetic variability in the agro-economic traits of two cowpea varieties treated with different doses of gamma (γ) rays and sodium azide (SA). The study was also aimed to optimize different doses of γ rays and SA employed individually and in combinations. Quantitative trait analysis revealed a maximum increase in seed yield from M2 to M3 generation. Among the 10 quantitative traits studied, seeds per pod and seed weight positively correlated with a major direct impact on yield. An extensive phenotypic selection cycle from M2-M4 generations resulted in isolating new high-yielding and nutrient-dense mutant lines. Such high-yielding biofortified mutant lines with enhanced genetic variability could serve as a donor of elite genes and represent a valuable genetic resource for improving low-yielding warm-season grain legumes.

Massive renal infarction due to spontaneous renal artery thrombosis-a rare case report.

Spontaneous renal artery thrombosis is a rare medical emergency. The signs and symptoms of the disease are variable and non specific making it difficult to diagnose on time and easily missed for other more common pathologies. Proper evaluation and timely intervention can prevent the loss of renal function. We present a case of 45 year old male with no comorbidity who presented with complaints of right flank pain, fever and vomiting for one day. With physical examination within normal limits, evaluation revealed right renal artery thrombosis.

Comparative Mutagenic Effectiveness and Efficiency of Gamma Rays and Sodium Azide in Inducing Chlorophyll and Morphological Mutants of Cowpea.

Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency are the most important factors determining the success of mutation breeding, a coherent tool for quickly enhancing genetic diversity in crops. However, conclusive evidence of using an effective and efficient dose of gamma (γ) rays and sodium azide (SA) for genetic improvement is scant. The present study assesses genetic diversity in M2 mutants of cowpea and evaluates mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of the single and combination doses of γ rays and SA. In M0 generation, 7200 M1 seeds obtained by SA treatment (0.01-0.1%) and γ irradiation (100-1000 Gy) at a dose rate of 11.58 Gy/min were sown to raise M1 generation. A total of 57,620 M2 seeds were generated from the M1 generation of two varieties-Gomati VU-89 and Pusa-578, from which 47,650 seeds germinated. Moreover, plants (38,749) that survived were screened for chlorophyll and morphological mutations. Among the mutagens, SA followed by γ rays + SA and γ rays was most effective in inducing higher frequency and a broader spectrum of chlorophyll mutants. A wide range of morphological mutants affecting every growth stage was recorded with the highest frequency in 400 Gy γ rays + 0.04% SA treatment. These morphological mutants with desirable agronomic traits represent a valuable genetic resource for future breeding programs. This study revealed the potency of γ rays and SA in increasing genetic diversity and demonstrated the successful conduct of induced mutagenesis in the cowpea.

A childhood blast victim presenting with bladder stone in adulthood-A rare case report of retained blast fragment with secondary stone.

Secondary bladder stones in young adults are usually a result of bladder outlet obstruction secondary to urethral stricture disease or neurogenic bladder. Foreign body inside bladder is a perfect nidus for the development of secondary bladder stone. We report a rare case of bladder stone in a young adult developing on the retained blast fragment inside bladder.

Outcome of dorsal buccal graft urethroplasty in female urethral stricture disease (FUSD); our institutional experience.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Female urethral stricture is a poorly studied disease entity. To date, its management has been poorly evaluated, with small numbers and various definitions of success. Treatment options traditionally have been urethral dilatation and/or self-catheterization with success rates ranging from only 14 to 49%. However, there has been increasing use of urethroplasty due to the improved success rate (70 to 100%). In this study we assessed the outcome of dorsal buccal mucosal grafts in female urethral stricture disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study we prospectively analyzed 25 female patients treated from 2014 to 2019 at our institute; ages ranged from 26 to 66 years. Dorsal buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty was performed in all patients. The pathology of female urethral stricture disease is unknown, and neither the pre- nor the intraoperative assessment allows determining the precise location and extent or the severity of urethral damage; therefore, we advocate extensive grafting of the entire urethra. Patients were followed every 3 months during the 1st year and then biannually with lower urinary tract symptom, uroflowmetry and post-void residual urine assessments. Stricture recurrence (failure) was defined as recurrence of symptoms, no change or reversal in Qmax and post-void residual urine values and failure of negotiation of a 17-Fr cystoscope. RESULTS: Success rate of our surgical intervention was > 90%. We observed that the mid-urethra was the most common location of the stricture. Stricture location was confined to the distal urethra in 12%, the mid-urethra in 16%, spanned the distal mid-urethra in 16%, spanned the mid-proximal urethra in 40% and spanned the pan-urethra in 16%. Mean stricture length was 1.8 (0.7-2.1) cm. Mean pre- versus postoperative Qmax was 5 ml/s versus 23.3 ml/s and mean residual urine was 178 ml versus 18.5 ml. Two patients had stricture recurrence at 3 months post-intervention. CONCLUSION: Dorsal buccal mucosal graft currently represents a prime choice for female urethral stricture reconstruction, keeping in view the advantages of the procedure such as easy availability of the graft and fewer donor site comorbidities. We emphasize upfront urethroplasty and extensive urethral grafting.

Transvaginal subfascial synthetic sling - "A novel technique" versus trans-obturator mid-urethral sling in female stress urinary incontinence: A comparative study.

BACKGROUND: To assess the treatment outcome and overall efficacy of the novel technique of a transvaginal subfascial synthetic sling (TVSS) in comparison to the standard trans-obturator tape (TOT-O) mid-urethral sling for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 206 female SUI patients managed at our institution between March 2015 and December 2019. The patients were randomly distributed into 2 comparable groups (Group A as TOT-O and Group B as TVSS) with respect to age, trouble due to SUI assessed with respect to degree of incontinence (number of episodes and diapers used per day), and body mass index (≤40 kg/m2), with 100 patients in the TOT-O group as group A and 106 patients in TVSS as group B. Preoperative variables related to the number of incontinent episodes and diapers usage were equal in both groups. The procedure was done under spinal anesthesia and results were assessed in terms of improvement in SUI as the primary outcome, any sexual dysfunction, complications, and overall satisfaction as secondary outcomes. RESULTS: Symptomatic improvement after the procedure was seen in all patients with complete resolution of symptoms in 91 patients (91.%) in the TOT-O group (group A) versus 96 patients (90.56%) in the TVSS (group B). Postoperative complications included urinary retention in 6% versus 5.6%, increased day time urinary frequency in 8% versus 6.6%, urge incontinence in 4% versus 2.8%, and groin/thigh pain in 12% versus 0.9%, respectively. Mesh incision was done in 1 (1%) versus none (0%), and local mesh excision for mesh erosion in 2 (2%) versus 1 (0.9%) at 3 months after the procedure in the TOT-O group and the TVSS group, respectively. The p value and Chi-Square test with respect to the clinical profile and satisfaction with respect to complete resolution of symptoms was calculated using Open EPI software which were insignificant. Sexual function (SF) was assessed using the Brief Index of SF for Women questionnaire. All the patients were satisfied with respect to SF at 6 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The TVSS as a novel technique for female SUI is less invasive, simpler to learn, with less postoperative pain with resolution of SUI, rapid recovery, and good personal satisfaction compared to the standard TOT-O in procedure.